(12) Turbines. The turbine is designed to extract the kinetic energy
(energy due to motion) from the expanding gases that flaw from the combustion
chamber. This kinetic energy then is converted into shaft horsepower to drive
the compressor and engine accessories. Most of the energy obtained from the
products of combustion is used to drive the compressor and the remaining energy
is utilized to power additional components such an oiling system and hydraulic
systems. Additional power turbines are used to extract residual energy from
the moving gases to provide vehicular power. Turbines can be divided into two
basic types: radial inflow and axial flow.
(a) Radial Inflow. This type of turbine (Figure 125) is similar
to the centrifugal compressor in design and construction. Radial inflow
operates as the inlet gases pass through openings that direct the gases onto
the blades at the base of the compressor. The gas then acts against the blades
of the turbine to produce the rotational effect. The gases then are exhausted
at the top of the turbine, parallel to the axis of rotation. Despite its
simplistic design and durability, the radial inflow turbine generally is
limited to use in smaller engines.
Figure 125. Radial Inflow Turbine.
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