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Home > Ordnance Documents and other related manuals > > Physical Tests.
Testing of Welds
Destructive Tests.

Welding Operations, I
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WELDING OPERATIONS I - OD1651 - LESSON 1/TASK 2
terrain;  and  welded  armor  plate  and  other  heavy  structural
members can be tested by gunfire.
But, test firing of weapons
and  testing  of  armor  plate  by  gunfire  is  not  feasible  for
maintenance  units  in  the  field.
The  succeeding  paragraphs,
therefore, describe only those physical type tests that can be
conducted in intermediate direct and general support maintenance
units,  in  field  depot  maintenance  operations,  and  in  CONUS
(continental United States) depot maintenance operations.
c.
Physical Tests.
(1) General.
These types of tests are designed to check the
skill of the welder, the quality of the weld metal, and the
strength of the welded joint.  Some of these tests, such as the
free bend and nick break tests, are destructive.  In these tests,
the specimen is tested until it fails in order that the desired
information can be gained.
Other physical tests, such as the
hydrostatic  and  magnetic  particle  tests,  are  not  destructive.
Then there are simple physical tests, such as the appearance,
fracture, and grinding tests, that can be performed with tools
found in a field maintenance company shop.  These simple physical
tests  are  described  in  the  following  subparagraph.
The
destructive and nondestructive type tests are described in the
succeeding subparagraphs.
(2) Simple Physical Tests.
(a) Appearance Test.
This is a nondestructive test.
In this
type test, a visual examination is made of the weld to check for
such defects as brittleness, cracks, craters, undercut, overlap
and slag inclusions.  All these defects are unacceptable and the
joint must be reconstructed and rewelded.
(b) Fracture Test.
This is a destructive test.
To perform
this test, a cross section specimen must be cut off from the
welded metal.  The specimen is then fractured to expose the weld.
The welded zone is then visually examined to check for unevenness
of  the  weld  metal  grain,  cracks,  craters,  and  inadequate
penetration of the weld into the base metal.
(c) Grinding Test.
This  is a  nondestructive test.
It  is
particularly applicable to seal bead welds made for waterproofing
and sealing cracks in
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