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Home > Ordnance Documents and other related manuals > > Tool Steels.
Electric Arc Welding of Ferrous Metals
High Yield Strenght, Low Alloy Structural Steels.

Welding Operations, I
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WELDING OPERATIONS I - OD1651 - LESSON 1/TASK 1
base metal can be reduced by making the weld with a series of
small string or weave beads.  Fusion between the filler metal and
the sidewalls should be confined to a narrow zone.  This can be
accomplished  by  directing  the  electrode  toward  the  previously
deposited filler metal adjacent to the side walls than toward the
side walls directly.
This procedure causes the weld metal to
wash up against the side of the joint and fuse with it without
deep or excessive penetration.
(b) When welding sheet metal up to 1/8 inch in thickness, the
plain square butt joint type of edge preparation may be used.
Heavy plates should be beveled up to 60 degrees, depending on the
thickness.
The parts should be tack welded and the root weld
made with a 1/8 to 5/32 inch electrode.
Additional passes of
filler metal should be made with a 5/32 or 3/16 electrode.  Heavy
sections that have been beveled from both sides should be welded
by depositing weave beads alternately on one side and then the
other to reduce the amount of distortion in the weld structure.
(c) Small  high-carbon  steel  parts  are  sometimes  repaired  by
building up worn surfaces.
When this is done, the piece should
be annealed or softened by heating to a red heat and cooling
slowly.  Then the piece should be welded or built up with medium-
carbon  or  high-strength  electrodes  and  heat  treated,  after
welding, to restore its original properties.
c.
Tool Steels.
(1) General.
Steels  in  this  group  have  a  carbon  content
ranging from 0.80 to 1.5 percent.  They are rarely welded by arc
welding because of the excessive hardness produced in the fusion
zone of the base metal.
If arc welding must be done, either
mild-steel or stainless-steel electrodes can be used.
(2) Welding Technique.
(a) If  the  parts  to  be  welded  are  small,  they  should  be
annealed or softened before welding.
The edges should then be
preheated  up  to  1,000,  depending  on  the  carbon  content  and
thickness of the plate, and the welding done with either a mild-
steel or high-strength electrode.
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