Introduction to Wheeled Vehicle Engines
Lesson 1: Fundamentals Of Spark - Ignition Engines
Combustion
Figure 1. Air-Cooled Engine
Figure 2. Liquid- Cooled Engine
Figure 3. L - Head Engine
Figure 4. T- Head Engine
Figure 5. I- Head Engine
Figure 6. F- Head Engine
Cylinder Arrangement - OD10010016
Figure 8. V - Type Engine
Basic One-Cylinder Engine
Engine Block
Valves
Crankshaft - OD10010021
Camshaft.
Accessory Systems
The Four- Stroke Cycle
Figure 10. Piston Positions
Figure 11. Intake Stroke.
Compression Stroke
Power Stroke
Exhaust Stroke
Engine Operation - Four-Stroke Cycle
The Two - Stroke Cycle
Engine Operation - Two-Stroke Cycle
Figure 26.The Two - Stroke cycle.
Engine Operation - Two-Stroke Cycle - Continued
Describe Components and Construction of Multicylinder Engines
Cylinder Head
Cylinder Head cont.
Crankcase
Figure 20. Piston
Figure 21. Cam - Ground Piston
Piston Rings
Figure 23. Piston Pin.
Figure 24. Fixed Pin
Figure 25. Semifloating Pin
Figure 26. Full - Floating Pin.
Connecting Rods
Crankshaft - OD10010047
Figure 29. Crankshaft Throw Arrangements.
Crankshaft - Continued
Figure 30. Vibration Damper
Figure 31. Flywheel
Valves and Operating Mechanism
Figure 33. Overhead Valves.
Figure 34, Overhead Cam.
On V-type and Horizontal-Opposed Engines
Figure 35. Hydraulic Valvet Tappet
Figure 36. Camshaft Drives
Practice Exercise - OD10010058
Answers to Practice Exercise - OD10010059
Lesson 2. Fundamentals of Compression-Ignition Engines
Four - Stroke - Cycle Operation
Figure 37. Four Stroke Cycle Diesel Engine.
Four - Stroke - Cycle Operation - Continued
Figure 28. Open type- Combustion Chamber
Figure 39.Turbulence Chamber
Figure 40. Precombustion Chamber
Image Figure 41. Intake Stroke
Figure 42. Compression Stroke
Image: Figure 43. Power Stroke
Image: Figure 44. Exhaust Stroke
Multifuel Engine
Image: Figure 45. Multifuel Engine
Multifuel Engine - Continued - OD10010073
Multifuel Engine - Continued - OD10010074
Describe Princples Of Operation And Construction Of Two Strole Engines
Figure 46. Scavenging (Intake) Stroke
Figure 47. Compression Stroke
Figure 48. Power Stroke
Figure 49. Exhaust Stroke
Practice Exercise - OD10010080
Answers to Practice Exercise 2
Lesson 3. Engine Inspection
Record All Faults
Oil Level
Accessories
Oil Pressure
Noises
Engine Temperature
Road Test
Exhaust
Describe Spark-Ignition EngineTesting Procedures
Compression Testing
Intake Manifold Pressure (VACUUM) Test
Vacuum Readings
Figure 50. Vacuum Gage Readings
Vacuum Readings - Continued - OD10010096
Vacuum Readings - Continued - OD10010097
Practice Exercise - OD10010098
Answer to Practice Exercise 3
Lesson 4. Engine Lubrication Systems
Operation Of Lubrication Systems
Figure 21. Splash - Type Lubrication System
Operation Of Lubrication Systems - Continued
Figure 52. Combination Splash and Force-Feed Lubrication System
Figure 53. Force Feed Lubrication System
Figure 54. Full -Force-Feed Lubrication System
Subassemblies of the Lubrication System
Figure 55. Oil Level Gage
Figure 56. Oil Pickup
Figure 57. Gear-Type Pump
Figure 58. Rotor -Type Pump
Figure 59. Oil Pressure Relief Valve
Figure 60. Oil Pump With Relief Valve
Figure 61. Full-Flow Filter System
Subassemblies of the Lubrication System - Continued - OD10010115
Figure 62. Bypass Filter System
Figure 63. Typical Engine Lubrication System
Subassemblies of the Lubrication System - Continued - OD10010118
Describe Purpose of Crank Case Ventilation System Operation
Figure 64. Draft Tube System
Describe Purpose of Crank Case Ventilation System Operation - Continued - OD10010121
Figure 65. PCV System
Figure 66. PCV Valve
Describe Purpose of Crank Case Ventilation System Operation - Continued - OD10010124
Describe Maitanance Procedures for Engine Lubrication Systems
Describe Maitanance Procedures for Engine Lubrication Systems - Continued - OD10010126
Describe Maitanance Procedures for Engine Lubrication Systems - Continued - OD10010127
Practice Exercise - OD10010128
Answer to Practice Exercise 4
Lesson 5. Engine Cooling Systems
Methods of Cooling
Liquid - Cooling System
Coolant Pump - OD10010133
Figure 68. Coolant Pump Construction
Radiator
Figure 69. Engine Radiator Construction
Figure 70. Coolant Flow Through Radiator
Fan
Thermostat
Thermostat - Continued - OD10010140
Figure 72. Thermostat and Housing
Figure 73. Coolant Flow - Thermostat Closed
Figure 74. Coolant Flow - Thermostat Open
Thermostat - Continued - OD10010144
Figure 75. Pellet - Type Thermostat
Pressure Radiator Cap
Figure 76. Pressure Radiator Cap
Expansion Plug
Coolant Solutions
Describe Maintenance and Troubleshooting Procedures of Liquid - Coooling Systems
Radiator Cap
Fan Belts
Coolant Pump - OD10010153
Cylinder Block and Head
Cylinder Block and Head - Continued - OD10010155
Cylinder Block and Head - Continued - OD10010156
Preventive Cleaning
Troubleshooting - OD10010158
Engine Overheats
Engine Fails to Reach Operating Temperature
Practice Exercise - OD10010161
Answer Practice Exercise
Wheeled Vehicle Engines
Lesson 1: Fundamentals Of Spark - Ignition Engines
Combustion
Figure 1. Air-Cooled Engine
Figure 2. Liquid- Cooled Engine
Figure 3. L - Head Engine
Figure 4. T- Head Engine
Figure 5. I- Head Engine
Figure 6. F- Head Engine
Cylinder Arrangement - OD10010016
Figure 8. V - Type Engine
Basic One-Cylinder Engine
Engine Block
Valves
Crankshaft - OD10010021
Camshaft.
Accessory Systems
The Four- Stroke Cycle
Figure 10. Piston Positions
Figure 11. Intake Stroke.
Compression Stroke
Power Stroke
Exhaust Stroke
Engine Operation - Four-Stroke Cycle
The Two - Stroke Cycle
Engine Operation - Two-Stroke Cycle
Figure 26.The Two - Stroke cycle.
Engine Operation - Two-Stroke Cycle - Continued
Describe Components and Construction of Multicylinder Engines
Cylinder Head
Cylinder Head cont.
Crankcase
Figure 20. Piston
Figure 21. Cam - Ground Piston
Piston Rings
Figure 23. Piston Pin.
Figure 24. Fixed Pin
Figure 25. Semifloating Pin
Figure 26. Full - Floating Pin.
Connecting Rods
Crankshaft - OD10010047
Figure 29. Crankshaft Throw Arrangements.
Crankshaft - Continued
Figure 30. Vibration Damper
Figure 31. Flywheel
Valves and Operating Mechanism
Figure 33. Overhead Valves.
Figure 34, Overhead Cam.
On V-type and Horizontal-Opposed Engines
Figure 35. Hydraulic Valvet Tappet
Figure 36. Camshaft Drives
Practice Exercise - OD10010058
Answers to Practice Exercise - OD10010059
Lesson 2. Fundamentals of Compression-Ignition Engines
Four - Stroke - Cycle Operation
Figure 37. Four Stroke Cycle Diesel Engine.
Four - Stroke - Cycle Operation - Continued
Figure 28. Open type- Combustion Chamber
Figure 39.Turbulence Chamber
Figure 40. Precombustion Chamber
Image Figure 41. Intake Stroke
Figure 42. Compression Stroke
Image: Figure 43. Power Stroke
Image: Figure 44. Exhaust Stroke
Multifuel Engine
Image: Figure 45. Multifuel Engine
Multifuel Engine - Continued - OD10010073
Multifuel Engine - Continued - OD10010074
Describe Princples Of Operation And Construction Of Two Strole Engines
Figure 46. Scavenging (Intake) Stroke
Figure 47. Compression Stroke
Figure 48. Power Stroke
Figure 49. Exhaust Stroke
Practice Exercise - OD10010080
Answers to Practice Exercise 2
Lesson 3. Engine Inspection
Record All Faults
Oil Level
Accessories
Oil Pressure
Noises
Engine Temperature
Road Test
Exhaust
Describe Spark-Ignition EngineTesting Procedures
Compression Testing
Intake Manifold Pressure (VACUUM) Test
Vacuum Readings
Figure 50. Vacuum Gage Readings
Vacuum Readings - Continued - OD10010096
Vacuum Readings - Continued - OD10010097
Practice Exercise - OD10010098
Answer to Practice Exercise 3
Lesson 4. Engine Lubrication Systems
Operation Of Lubrication Systems
Figure 21. Splash - Type Lubrication System
Operation Of Lubrication Systems - Continued
Figure 52. Combination Splash and Force-Feed Lubrication System
Figure 53. Force Feed Lubrication System
Figure 54. Full -Force-Feed Lubrication System
Subassemblies of the Lubrication System
Figure 55. Oil Level Gage
Figure 56. Oil Pickup
Figure 57. Gear-Type Pump
Figure 58. Rotor -Type Pump
Figure 59. Oil Pressure Relief Valve
Figure 60. Oil Pump With Relief Valve
Figure 61. Full-Flow Filter System
Subassemblies of the Lubrication System - Continued - OD10010115
Figure 62. Bypass Filter System
Figure 63. Typical Engine Lubrication System
Subassemblies of the Lubrication System - Continued - OD10010118
Describe Purpose of Crank Case Ventilation System Operation
Figure 64. Draft Tube System
Describe Purpose of Crank Case Ventilation System Operation - Continued - OD10010121
Figure 65. PCV System
Figure 66. PCV Valve
Describe Purpose of Crank Case Ventilation System Operation - Continued - OD10010124
Describe Maitanance Procedures for Engine Lubrication Systems
Describe Maitanance Procedures for Engine Lubrication Systems - Continued - OD10010126
Describe Maitanance Procedures for Engine Lubrication Systems - Continued - OD10010127
Practice Exercise - OD10010128
Answer to Practice Exercise 4
Lesson 5. Engine Cooling Systems
Methods of Cooling
Liquid - Cooling System
Coolant Pump - OD10010133
Figure 68. Coolant Pump Construction
Radiator
Figure 69. Engine Radiator Construction
Figure 70. Coolant Flow Through Radiator
Fan
Thermostat
Thermostat - Continued - OD10010140
Figure 72. Thermostat and Housing
Figure 73. Coolant Flow - Thermostat Closed
Figure 74. Coolant Flow - Thermostat Open
Thermostat - Continued - OD10010144
Figure 75. Pellet - Type Thermostat
Pressure Radiator Cap
Figure 76. Pressure Radiator Cap
Expansion Plug
Coolant Solutions
Describe Maintenance and Troubleshooting Procedures of Liquid - Coooling Systems
Radiator Cap
Fan Belts
Coolant Pump - OD10010153
Cylinder Block and Head
Cylinder Block and Head - Continued - OD10010155
Cylinder Block and Head - Continued - OD10010156
Preventive Cleaning
Troubleshooting - OD10010158
Engine Overheats
Engine Fails to Reach Operating Temperature
Practice Exercise - OD10010161
Answer Practice Exercise
Wheeled Vehicle Engines
